The source optical resonator has Rayleigh rangeThe symmetric target optical resonator has its fundamental Gaussian beam beam waist halfway between the mirrors. At distance from that beam waist, wavefront curvature is . ThusHere , so b gives two real branches:Only the first branch has the target beam waist downstream of the optical lens. It is also geometrically accessible: the optical lens is beyond the source output mirror, and the target input mirror is beyond the optical lens. The total separation between beam waists is .