Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2015 / iii / Paper 8 / 2 / c

Denote the damped free-transport evolution from time $s$ to time $t$ byBy the argument in (b), $\Vert U_a(t,s)g{\Vert }_2\le \Vert g{\Vert }_2$. The integral operator is the Boltzmann Volterra operatorThe Minkowski integral inequality and (a) give the useful stronger pointwise boundTherefore the requested estimate isFor strongly measurable bounded $L^2$-valued $f$, these are Bochner integrals; their finite norm bounds establish existence of the integrals.