Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2022 / iii / Paper 223 / 2 / a

The normal location score is $x-\theta$. Under a bound on gross-error sensitivity, the variance-minimizing influence curve clips this score. For $b>0$, define the Huber scoreThe optimal B-robust estimator is the Huber location estimator ${\hat{\theta }}_b$ defined byEquivalently, it has the explicit optimization formwhere the Huber loss isAt $N(\theta ,1)$ its normalized influence function is