Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2023 / ib / Paper 2 / 9E / a / Solution

Let $Q$ act by left multiplication on the set $G/P$ of left cosets. Every orbit has size a power of $p$, whileis not divisible by $p$. Therefore at least one orbit has size one. If $gP$ is fixed, then $qgP=gP$ for every $q\in Q$, so $g^{-1}Qg\le P$, equivalentlyThis is Sylow containment from a coset fixed point.

The remaining Sylow theorems state that Sylow $p$-subgroups exist, that any two are conjugate, and that their number $n_p$ satisfies