Choose an orthonormal basis of and write the GFF formally as , where the are independent standard normal variables. The Green-kernel expansion in the Dirichlet space gives
Consequently the series
converges in . Its partial sums are centered Gaussian and their variances converge to the displayed Green energy. The limit is therefore Gaussian with mean zero and variance
This constructs the Finite-Green-energy measure pairing with a Gaussian free field independently of the chosen orthonormal basis.

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