Past exam of the real and harmonic analysis course of the University of Oxford / 2008 / 1 / c

Choose measurable sets $S_i$ carrying ${\mu }_i^s$ with $\kappa (S_i)=0$, and put $S={\bigcup }_i{S}_i$. Every absolutely continuous component vanishes on $S$, and every singular component vanishes on its complement. The given restriction identity therefore givesThe first is singular with respect to $\kappa$. The second is absolutely continuous because it is bounded above by ${\sum }_i{\mu }_i^a$. They sum to $\mu$, so uniqueness identifies them as its Lebesgue components.

Let $h_i=d{\mu }_i^a/d\kappa$ and $h={\max }_i{h}_i$, using measurable representatives. Each partition sum is at most ${\int }_{A}hd\kappa$. For the reverse inequality, partition $A$ measurably by assigning a point to the smallest index attaining this finite maximum. On its assigned cell $h_i=h$, and the partition sum is exactly ${\int }_{A}hd\kappa$. ThusThe maximum of finitely many integrable nonnegative densities is integrable, since it is at most their sum.