Polynomial ring over a field is Euclidean ($\nu (f)=\mathrm{deg}f(f\ne 0)$)

For a field $F$, polynomial division makes the one-variable polynomial ring $F[X]$ a Euclidean domain with Euclidean function equal to the polynomial degree. For a divisor $g\ne 0$, subtract a suitable scalar multiple of $X^{\mathrm{deg}f-\mathrm{deg}g}g$ to cancel the leading coefficient of the current remainder. Its degree strictly decreases. Iteration terminates at $f=qg+r$, where $r=0$ or $\mathrm{deg}r<\mathrm{deg}g$. Division by the leading coefficient is valid because it is nonzero in a field.