Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2012 iii Paper 30 3 d Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-07
Use consistently wired boundary conditions in increasing finite boxes and let be the usual wired infinite-volume random-cluster measure. The finite-volume comparison just proved applies with boundary graph vertices identified, since it is still a comparison on a finite graph. Passing to the infinite-volume limit preserves the inequality for every increasing event determined by finitely many edges.
For fixed , let be the event that the origin connects by an open path in to its boundary. It is such a finite increasing event. Therefore, for ,The events decrease to the event that the origin has an infinite percolation cluster, by local finiteness. Continuity from above of a measure givesDefine the random-cluster critical probability by . The set in which percolation occurs at is a subset of that at , whenceThe same proof works if free boundary conditions are used consistently throughout. It compares critical probabilities; it does not presume whether an infinite percolation cluster exists at the critical parameter itself.