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By Regina Faubel and colleagues. Science 353(6295), 176–178 (8 July 2016). DOI doi.org/10.1126/science.aae0450

Abstract: organized ciliary modules drive complex third-ventricular fluid flow in mice; a periodically changing flow pattern and related patterns in rats and pigs.

Regina Faubel investigated how cilia organize cerebrospinal fluid transport in the brain. A 2016 study of the mouse third ventricle found coordinated cilia modules generating a complex network of local flows.^[ref]

The observed flow pattern included a periodically switching component, and related complex patterns occurred in rat and pig third ventricles. These results motivated a transport question beyond total flow through a cavity: which paths carry signaling molecules to particular parts of its lining? A compartment can exchange fluid overall while still having an organized internal distribution.^[ref]