For the geometric surface delta distribution on the radius- sphere in , . Angular integration gives the Fourier transform , with removable value at zero. The convolution of distributions with a compactly supported factor gives the regular distribution
This density has total mass . Values on endpoint spheres do not affect the distribution. When , the inverse-distance singularity is locally integrable in three dimensions and is not an additional point mass. The annulus expresses the triangle inequality for the sum of two vectors of fixed lengths.