A renormalization-group fixed point is a set of couplings left unchanged by coarse-graining. It describes a scale-invariant theory.
The stability matrix is the Jacobian of the beta functions at a renormalization-group fixed point. Its eigenvalues classify perturbations as relevant, irrelevant, or marginal.
The critical surface is the stable manifold of a critical renormalization-group fixed point. Tuning every relevant direction places a theory on this surface.
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