Electron microscopy Created 2026-10-14 Updated 2026-10-18
Electron microscopy is the practice of preparing specimens, producing images with an electron microscope, and interpreting their contrast. A dark region can reflect Electron deflection out of the admitted beam rather than complete absorption. A useful image therefore needs a stated preparation, detection signal and length calibration; brightness by itself does not identify a material. Transmission electron microscopy probes thin specimens, whereas a scanning electron microscope can examine the exposed surface of a bulk specimen.[ref]
A scanning electron microscope scans a focused Electron probe across a specimen and assigns a detector signal to each probe position. Secondary electrons leaving the irradiated region often reveal surface relief; backscattered electrons can provide composition-dependent contrast. Image brightness records the selected signal, rather than a transmitted projection enlarged by two lenses. Display enlargement is therefore set by the ratio of display width to scanned specimen width. Surface geometry and composition both affect brightness.[ref]