A set family on a finite set separates ordered pairs if each ordered pair of distinct points has a member containing the first point and omitting the second. If its members are , assign each point the characteristic vector of its incidences, or equivalently . Separation in both directions says precisely that the form an antichain in the Boolean lattice on coordinates. Thus the Sperner theorem gives . Conversely, any antichain of distinct subsets of supplies such a set family by transposing its incidence table.

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