Shafi Goldwasser coauthored How to Construct Random Functions by Oded Goldreich, Shafi Goldwasser and Silvio Micali. The paper formalizes pseudorandom function families through an observer's ability to distinguish keyed evaluation from access to one uniformly random function.[ref]
How to Construct Random Functions by Oded Goldreich, Shafi Goldwasser and Silvio Micali. function ensembles and oracle indistinguishability
The observer may choose later inputs after seeing earlier answers. Security therefore concerns the whole interaction, not just whether each separate output appears balanced. This computational experiment makes an apparently random reusable function a precise cryptographic object, conditional on the underlying hardness assumptions.
Shafi Goldwasser, portrait published by MIT CSAIL
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Shafi Goldwasser is a prominent computer scientist known for her work in cryptography and computer security. She is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and has made significant contributions to various areas such as secure multi-party computation, zero-knowledge proofs, and algorithmic number theory.