Transfer of a solute between immiscible liquid phases according to its relative chemical affinities. complexation and oxidation state can change the distribution; selective back-extraction is often called stripping. Extraction efficiency alone does not establish separation from a second solute.
Alcoholic extraction uses an alcohol-containing solvent, commonly ethanol mixed with water, to transfer soluble components from a material into a liquid phase. The composition extracted depends on solvent composition, solute interactions and the starting matrix. It is a form of solvent extraction, not a reaction that necessarily creates alcohol. Partitioning and mass transfer distinguish the equilibrium preference for a solute from the rate at which it leaves a particle or tissue. An extracted mixture can contain multiple compounds, so the extraction solvent alone does not establish purity or identity.

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