For an action sequence , let be the set of all physical states obtainable by applying it to the initial belief state . Under a deterministic model this is an image; for nondeterministic outcomes it is the union of all permitted images. For ,If each action is applicable to every current possibility from , it is also applicable to every possibility from . If the final belief state for is contained in the physical goal set , then . Thus the same plan solves every subset of .
Nothing comparable follows for an arbitrary superset. For example, let an action take to a goal and leave at a non-goal. It solves but not . A larger belief state is solved by this particular sequence exactly when all added states also permit it and end in . It may succeed on some supersets and fail on others; it cannot be guaranteed merely from success on .
Sensorless planning 2026-10-25
Sensorless planning chooses one action sequence that succeeds from every possible initial physical state without receiving distinguishing observations during execution. A belief state is a set of possibilities. For a deterministic search transition model , an applicable action maps to ; for nondeterministic outcomes, take the union of all possible successors. Applicability must hold for every member of , and success requires the resulting belief state to be a subset of the physical goal set.
Every fixed action sequence preserves inclusion of the initial belief states. Consequently, a successful plan for also succeeds for every subset of . Success on a superset is an additional requirement, so cannot be inferred from success on alone. This property supports incremental belief-state search.