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System of distinct representatives (xi​∈Ai​,xi​=xj​ (i=j))

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics Area of mathematics Foundations of mathematics Graph theory Matching (graph theory) Hall's marriage theorem
2026-10-14  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
A system of distinct representatives for a finite indexed family of finite sets (Ai​)i∈I​ chooses one element xi​∈Ai​ per index, with all choices distinct. Form a bipartite graph with left vertex set I, right vertex set ⋃i∈I​Ai​, and edges ix whenever x∈Ai​. Matching saturation of I is precisely a system of distinct representatives. Hence Hall's marriage theorem says that such choices exist exactly when ∣⋃i∈J​Ai​∣≥∣J∣ for every subset J⊆I. Repeated equal sets still have separate indices and separate demands.

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