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Let $x$ and $y$ denote the two oriented noncontractible cycles of the torus. Their transport operators intersect once, so the mutual braiding phase gives the Wilson-loop algebra of an Abelian Chern--Simons theoryThe integer charge vectors are identified modulo local electrons: $q$ and $q+K\ell$ have identical braiding with every quasiparticle. The distinct topological charges therefore form the finite quotient group

Choose a ground state that diagonalizes the mutually commuting $x$-cycle operators. Acting with $T_y(q)$ multiplies their eigenvalues by the character $q^{\prime }\mapsto e^{2\pi i{q}^{\prime T}{K}^{-1}q}$. This pairing is nondegenerate on $\mathcal{A}$: if the character is trivial for every $q^{\prime }$, then $K^{-1}q$ is integral and $q$ is the trivial class. Thus the $|\mathcal{A}|$ states obtained from inequivalent $q$ have distinct loop eigenvalues and are orthogonal. The torus ground-state degeneracy of an Abelian Chern--Simons theory is consequently at least $|\det K|$.

The all-ones matrix has eigenvalue $n$ along $t$ and eigenvalue zero on the $(n-1)$-dimensional perpendicular subspace. Hence $K=I_n+pM$ has eigenvalues $1+np,1,\dots ,1$, and

Substituting $a=W^T{a}^{\prime }$ into the Chern--Simons term givesThis matrix is integral and symmetric. It is invertible becauseFor $p^{\prime }=Wp$ and $q^{\prime }=Wq$,Thus every anyon braiding phase is unchanged, and bijectivity of $W$ on the charge lattice shows that the full sets coincide. The torus ground-state degeneracy of an Abelian Chern--Simons theory is also invariant: