Colour vision based on three classes of photoreceptor input. Functional discrimination must be tested rather than inferred solely from gene count.
Color vision with three independent receptor classes whose spectral sensitivities differ from a reference trichromat's, often reducing separation of long- and middle-wave signals. A shifted sensitivity, fewer receptors and loss of an entire independent class are different mechanisms and should not be conflated.
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Trichromacy is a color vision phenomenon in which an organism perceives colors through the combination of three different types of photoreceptor cells, typically known as cones, in the retina. In humans, these three types of cones are sensitive to different ranges of wavelengths corresponding to blue, green, and red light. The brain processes the signals from these cones and combines them to create the perception of a wide spectrum of colors.