Suppose a series of functions has uniform absolute convergence on and is a uniformly bounded family of functions there, with common bound . The triangle inequality gives
The right-hand side tends uniformly to zero as . The Uniform Cauchy criterion proves uniform convergence of . Applying the same estimate to proves uniform absolute convergence too.
The shared bound over both and matters: separate bounds for each can grow too fast. For example, the constant functions and have a summable original series but products identically one.
For real-valued functions, the Uniform Cauchy criterion applied to partial sums says that has uniform convergence exactly when
Sufficiency uses completeness of the real numbers.
Let be a common bound for the uniformly bounded family of functions ; increase it if necessary so that . The assumed uniform absolute convergence of gives such that
The triangle inequality now yields
The Uniform Cauchy criterion therefore proves uniform convergence of . The same estimate with proves uniform absolute convergence as well.
Use uniform convergence to choose with for all and ; this follows, for example, from the Uniform Cauchy criterion. Since each is a bounded function, put for . Then
for every and . Thus is a uniformly bounded family of functions. The finite initial segment is essential: uniform convergence directly controls only a tail of a sequence.
The Uniform Cauchy criterion says that converges uniformly on if and only if
For necessity, use the triangle inequality through the uniform limit. For sufficiency, the condition makes a Cauchy sequence for each , so completeness of the real numbers defines a pointwise limit . Apply the condition with and let to obtain uniformly in .
A series of functions is uniformly absolutely convergent on a set if the series of their absolute values has uniform convergence there. A sufficient condition is the Weierstrass M-test: if for every and , then the tail is bounded uniformly by . This also proves uniform convergence of the original series by the Uniform Cauchy criterion.
If sequences of functions and have uniform convergence on the same domain and each term is a bounded function, their products converge uniformly to . The two families are uniformly bounded families of functions: one late term and the Uniform Cauchy criterion bound the entire tail, while finitely many early terms have a finite common bound. Write and take the supremum norm to obtain the displayed estimate. The boundedness hypothesis cannot be dropped: and converge uniformly on , whereas fails to converge uniformly to zero.