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Vanishing canonical Hamiltonian of a closed universe

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Physics Branches of physics General relativity Numerical relativity 3+1 decomposition of spacetime Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity
2026-10-05  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
On a compact spatial Cauchy hypersurface without boundary, the gravitational Hamiltonian consists entirely of constraints and vanishes on solutions. There is no asymptotic time-translation boundary charge to add. This is the canonical statement that a closed universe has zero total energy; it does not assert that local matter energy density or local curvature vanishes.

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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2016 / iii / Paper 311 / 3 / a / iii / Solution
  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2018 / iii / Paper 311 / 1 / iv / Solution

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