W. D. Salmon Jr. coauthored the 1957 report A hormonally controlled serum factor which stimulates sulfate incorporation by cartilage in vitro by W. D. Salmon Jr. and William Daughaday. The work helped motivate the idea that some effects of growth hormone are mediated by a factor carried in blood serum, rather than being explained solely by direct growth hormone action on every responding tissue.[ref]
The experimental distinction was between applying growth hormone directly to isolated cartilage and measuring the response to blood serum from an animal exposed to the hormone. Sulfate incorporation provided a measurable tissue response. In William Daughaday's retrospective account, this supported the circulating-mediator interpretation that developed into the somatomedin hypothesis and research on insulin-like growth factor 1. A tissue response establishes biological activity; it does not, on its own, establish the chemical identity or purity of a single molecule.[ref]
Growth hormone axis overview: somatomedin hypothesis by William Daughaday. retrospective account of the cartilage assay and serum-mediator interpretation
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