Exchange bias is a phenomenon that occurs in magnetically coupled heterostructures, typically composed of a ferromagnetic material and an antiferromagnetic material. When these materials are brought into contact, the exchange interaction between their magnetic moments leads to a shift in the magnetic hysteresis loop of the ferromagnet. Here are the key points regarding exchange bias: 1. **Mechanism**: Exchange bias arises from the proximity of a ferromagnet to an antiferromagnet.
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