 Frank–Van der Merwe growth

Frank–Van der Merwe growth refers to a model of crystal growth, specifically describing the process of how materials grow in a layered fashion, especially in the context of thin films and semiconductor crystals. This growth mode is named after the researchers who contributed to its development, Frank and Van der Merwe. In this model, the growth of the film occurs through a process called "layer-by-layer" growth, or more specifically, "two-dimensional nucleation.