 Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory

The Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory is an advanced framework for analyzing the behavior of beams that takes into account both bending and shear deformations. This theory improves upon the classical Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, which only considers bending deformations and assumes that cross-sections of the beam remain plane and perpendicular to the beam's axis during deformation.