Quantum electrodynamics by Lifshitz et al. 2nd edition (1982) Updated 2025-07-16
Rayleigh-Jeans law Updated 2025-07-16
Derived from classical first principles, matches Planck's law for low frequencies, but diverges at higher frequencies.
Abhidhamma Pitaka Updated 2025-07-16
AWS Elastic Beanstalk Updated 2025-07-16
Institute for Advanced Study Updated 2025-07-16
Searcing beauty is a painful thing. You just keep endlessly looking for that one new insight that will blow your mind.
The key missing point would be "usefulness". See also: Section "Art".
Oxford Nanopore Technologies product Updated 2025-07-16
Solar System Updated 2025-07-16
Wu experiment Updated 2025-07-16
Pair production Updated 2025-07-16
Python
typing Updated 2025-07-16Examples under python/typing_cheat.
Quantum particles take all possible paths Updated 2025-07-16
As mentioned at: physics.stackexchange.com/questions/212726/a-quantum-particle-moving-from-a-to-b-will-take-every-possible-path-from-a-to-b/212790#212790, classical gravity waves for example also "take all possible paths". This is just what waves look like they are doing.
Quantum Theory of Radiation by Fermi (1932) Updated 2025-07-16
Slater determinant Updated 2025-07-16
Electron degeneracy pressure Updated 2025-07-16
HHL algorithm Updated 2025-07-16
Intel quantum computer Updated 2025-07-16
Architecture All Access: Quantum Computing by James Clarke (2021)
Source. Iterative pre-order Updated 2025-07-16
This is the easiest one to do iteratively:
- pop and visit
- push right to stack
- push left to stack
Lamb shift Updated 2025-07-16
2s/2p energy split in the hydrogen emission spectrum, not predicted by the Dirac equation, but explained by quantum electrodynamics, which is one of the first great triumphs of that theory.
Note that for atoms with multiple electrons, 2s/2p shifts are expected: Why does 2s have less energy than 1s if they have the same principal quantum number?. The surprise was observing that on hydrogen which only has one electron.
Initial experiment: Lamb-Retherford experiment.
On the return from the train from the Shelter Island Conference in New York, Hans Bethe managed to do a non-relativistic calculation of the Lamb shift. He then published as The Electromagnetic Shift of Energy Levels by Hans Bethe (1947) which is still paywalled as of 2021, fuck me: journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.72.339 by Physical Review.
The Electromagnetic Shift of Energy Levels Freeman Dyson (1948) published on Physical Review is apparently a relativistic analysis of the same: journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.73.617 also paywalled as of 2021.
TODO how do the infinities show up, and how did people solve them?
Lamb shift by Dr. Nissar Ahmad (2020)
Source. Whiteboard Lecture about the phenomena, includes description of the experiment. Seems quite good.Murray Gell-Mann - The race to calculate the relativistic Lamb shift by Web of Stories (1997)
Source. Quick historical overview. Mentions that Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger were using mass renormalization and cancellation if infinities. He says that French and Weisskopf actually managed to do the correct calculations first with a less elegant method.www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/2/2/8/pdf History and Some Aspects of the Lamb Shift by G. Jordan Maclay (2019)
Freeman Dyson - The Lamb shift by Web of Stories (1998)
Source. Mentions that he moved to the USA from the United Kingdom specifically because great experiments were being carried at Columbia University, which is where the Lamb-Retherford experiment was done, and that Isidor Isaac Rabi was the head at the time.
He then explains mass renormalization briefly: instead of calculating from scratch, you just compare the raw electron to the bound electron and take the difference. Both of those have infinities in them, but the difference between them cancels out those infinities.
Hans Bethe - The Lamb shift (1996)
Source. Myers-Briggs Type_Indicator Updated 2025-07-16
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