Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 37 

"Water" is the name for both:

the chemical compound with chemical formula H₂O
the liquid phase of the chemical substance composed of the above chemical compound

Figure 2.
Ball-and-stick model of a water molecule
. Source.

Figure 3.
Simplified phase diagram of water
. Source. Note the triple point and critical point visible. Phase diagrams are so cool!

Figure 4.
Phase diagram of water
. Source. Note all the obscure phases of ice.

Christianism Updated 2025-07-16

Verilator Updated 2025-07-16

Verilog simulator that transpiles to C++.

One very good thing about this is that it makes it easy to create test cases directly in C++. You just supply inputs and clock the simulation directly in a C++ loop, then read outputs and assert them with assert(). And you can inspect variables by printing them or with GDB. This is infinitely more convenient than doing these IO-type tasks in Verilog itself.

Some simulation examples under verilog.

First install Verilator. On Ubuntu:

sudo apt install verilator

Tested on Verilator 4.038, Ubuntu 22.04.

Run all examples, which have assertions in them:

cd verilator
make run

File structure is for example:

verilog/counter.v: Verilog file
verilog/counter.cpp: C++ loop which clocks the design and runs tests with assertions on the outputs
verilog/counter.params: gcc compilation flags for this example
verilog/counter_tb.v: Verilog version of the C++ test. Not used by Verilator. Verilator can't actually run out _tb files, because they do in Verilog IO things that we do better from C++ in Verilator, so Verilator didn't bother implementing them. This is a good thing.

Example list:

verilog/negator.v, verilog/negator.cpp: the simplest non-identity combinatorial circuit!
verilog/counter.v, verilog/counter.cpp: sequential hello world. Synchronous active high reset with active high enable signal. Adapted from: www.asic-world.com/verilog/first1.html
verilog/subleq.v, verilog/subleq.cpp: subleq one instruction set computer with separated instruction and data RAMs

Area of mathematics Updated 2025-07-16

Instagram Updated 2025-07-16

Ciro Santilli is just too old to understand what the point of that website is compared to Twitter. There must be one, right?

Also, it is impossible to use it on the browser without a cell phone, similar critique as Section "Messaging software that force you to have a mobile phone" but a bit more aggravating, because, well, you would expect creators want people to see their stuff on a browser unlike private messages?

Peer authentication Updated 2025-07-16

www.postgresql.org/docs/13/auth-peer.html

Uses the name of the current Linux user to login without a password.

Physics experiment without a decent modern video Updated 2025-07-16

Scanning transmission electron microscopy Updated 2025-07-16

50,000,000x Magnification by AlphaPhoenix (2022)

Source.

Stuff school should actually teach Updated 2025-07-16

Subquotient Updated 2025-07-16

Quotient of a subgroup H of G by a normal subgroup of the subgroup H.

That normal subgroup does not have have to be a normal subgroup of G.

As an overkill example, the happy family are subquotients of the monster group, but the monster group is simple.

Suikoden Updated 2025-07-16

This game (1 or 2, can't remember) made an impression on Ciro Santilli for some reason.

Only many many years after playing it, after Ciro started getting more interested, did he learn that it was actually an adaptation of the Chinese mega-classic Water Margin.

"Suikoden" is the actual Japenese transliteration for the Chinese name of the original Water Margin novel.

Yet another case of Chinese thing better known in the West as Japanese.

The game puts great emphasis on the concept of the 108 Stars of Destiny, which never left Ciro's mind: making 108 allies, the main collectible of the game, allows you to make a more powerful alliance, and unlock better endings.

Toyota Research Institute Updated 2025-07-16

Chemical process design Updated 2025-07-16

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_design

Computer Aided Simulation & Design in Chemical Engineering by Chemical Engineering Guy (2016)

Source. Interesting overview of the different types of modelling software used in chemical process design.

Video 2.

How to Design a Total Synthesis by Mike Christiansen (2013)

Source. Just a ultra quick hello world with some very basic ideas, but worth watching.

Video 3.

SuperPro Designer: Fermentation Simulation by LearnChemE (2012)

Source.

Chemical process design software Updated 2025-07-16

Process Simulation Software FREE Download - Aspen Hysys versus DWSim | COCO by Jeferson Costa (2020)

Source. Jeferson, a Brazilian from Petrobras, is the creator of the open source DWSim software, and in this video he gives a quick demo of his software and compares it briefly to aspen HYSYS, which appears to be the golden paid reference implementation.

Chemistry Updated 2025-07-16

Chemistry is fun. Too hard for precise physics (pre quantum computing, see also quantum chemistry), but not too hard for some maths like social sciences.

And it underpins biology.

100 Greatest Discoveries - Chemistry by the Discovery Channel (2005)

Source. Pretty good within what you can expect from popular science. The discovery selection is solid, and he interviews 3 Nobel Prize laureates, only one about stuff they invented, so you can see their faces. The short non-precise scenes of epoch are also pleasing. Part of 100 Greatest Discoveries by the Discovery Channel (2004-2005).

Hello world website Updated 2025-07-16

Integrase Updated 2025-07-16

Ordered and unordered trees Updated 2025-07-16

Referendum Updated 2025-07-16

Refraction Updated 2025-07-16