A biased positional game is a type of combinatorial game, often used in game theory, where two players alternate turns and make moves that change the state of the game. The "biased" aspect refers to certain preferences or advantages that one player may have over the other, which can affect the strategy and outcome of the game. These biases can manifest in various ways, such as differing rules for each player, asymmetric starting positions, or unequal resources available to each player.
The Clique game refers to a type of game based on the concept of cliques in graph theory. In a graph, a clique is a subset of vertices such that every two distinct vertices in the subset are adjacent. This means that a clique is a complete subgraph. In the context of a game, the Clique game can involve players trying to identify or form cliques based on specific rules, often involving strategy, negotiation, or deduction.
The Discrepancy Game is a type of two-player game often studied in probability theory and theoretical computer science, particularly in the context of online algorithms and competitive analysis. In this game, players typically face a sequence of decisions or situations where they must make choices based on incomplete information, aiming to minimize their losses or maximize their gains. The basic structure can vary, but generally, the two players are given access to different sets of information or make decisions based on differing criteria.
Hex is a two-player abstract strategy board game that was invented in the early 20th century, particularly credited to mathematician Piet Hein in 1942 and further developed by John Nash in 1948. The game is played on a hexagonal grid, typically in the shape of a diamond, with each player taking turns placing their pieces (usually colored stones or markers) on the board.
The notation (120132) 2003 FY128 appears to be a reference to a specific number or identifier, but its exact meaning is not clear without additional context. It could represent a variety of things depending on the field it pertains to, such as a code for a product, a financial year designation, or even a specific document or case number. - **120132** might be a part number, client ID, or some other identifier.
(144897) 2004 UX10 is a near-Earth object (NEO) classified as an asteroid. Specifically, it is part of the Apollo group of asteroids, which are characterized by their orbits that cross Earth's orbit. Discovered in 2004, it is an example of a potentially hazardous asteroid due to its size and proximity to Earth's orbit.
(145451) 2005 RM43 is a numbered asteroid that belongs to the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. It was discovered in 2005 and classified as a member of the Hilda family of asteroids. These asteroids are characterized by their stable orbits that are located in a 3:2 resonance with Jupiter. Asteroids like (145451) 2005 RM43 provide valuable insights into the formation and evolution of our solar system.
(145480) 2005 TB190 is a near-Earth object (NEO) that belongs to the category of asteroids. Specifically, it is classified as an Apollo asteroid, which means that its orbit crosses Earth's orbit. The object was discovered in 2005, as indicated by its designation. Like other NEOs, (145480) 2005 TB190 is of interest to astronomers and planetary scientists.
(202421) 2005 UQ513 is designated as a trans-Neptunian object, specifically a centaur, that resides in the outer region of our solar system. It was discovered in 2005 and is part of a group of icy bodies that exist beyond the orbit of Neptune. Centaur objects typically exhibit characteristics of both asteroids and comets, and they are thought to be remnants from the early solar system.
A strong positional game is a type of game in combinatorial game theory that emphasizes the importance of position and strategy over chance or randomness. In these games, players typically take turns making moves that change the state of the game, and the outcome is determined by the players' strategic choices rather than luck. In the context of strong positional games: 1. **Positions and Moves**: A game consists of a series of positions, each of which provides options or moves for players.
The Waiter-Client game is a concept from game theory that models interactions between a service provider (the waiter) and a consumer (the client), typically in a restaurant setting. It explores the strategic decisions made by both parties as they interact with one another, often within the context of preferences, actions, and the resulting outcomes from those choices.
Comtism, also known as COMTism, refers to the belief in the significance of the COMT (Catechol-O-Methyltransferase) gene, which is involved in the breakdown of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Variations in this gene can influence an individual's cognitive function, mood, and response to stress, leading to varying personality traits and behavioral tendencies.
Polish Positivism was a philosophical and cultural movement in Poland that emerged in the second half of the 19th century, particularly following the January Uprising of 1863 against Russian rule. It was characterized by an emphasis on scientific reasoning, empirical evidence, and social reform, reflecting broader European trends of positivism, particularly those associated with Auguste Comte.
The "positivism dispute" typically refers to a philosophical debate that emerged primarily in the context of the social sciences and was particularly prominent in the 1960s in Germany. It is most commonly associated with the conflict between positivist and critical theories, especially as articulated by scholars like Jürgen Habermas and Theodor Adorno. **Key Elements of the Positivism Dispute:** 1.
Postpositivism in international relations refers to a theoretical perspective that critiques and moves beyond the positivist approach traditionally prevalent in the field. Where positivism emphasizes empirical observation, hypothesis testing, and the idea that social phenomena can be understood similarly to natural sciences, postpositivism argues for a more nuanced understanding of social realities.
(309239) 2007 RW10 is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO) located in the Kuiper Belt, which is a region of the solar system beyond the orbit of Neptune that contains many small icy bodies. It was discovered in September 2007 and is classified as a member of the scattered disk, a group of TNOs that have highly elliptical orbits.
(35671) 1998 SN165 is an asteroid that is part of the main asteroid belt, which lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. It was discovered on September 24, 1998, and is classified as a near-Earth object (NEO). The asteroid is named following the convention of minor planet naming, often based on various themes including characters, events, or places of significance.
(470599) 2008 OG19 is a near-Earth object (NEO) that is classified as an asteroid. It was discovered in 2008 and is part of the Apollo group of asteroids, which have orbits that cross Earth's path. The specific characteristics of 2008 OG19, such as its size, composition, and trajectory, are determined by observations made by astronomers and are subject to updates as new data is collected.
(471288) 2011 GM27 is a small asteroid that belongs to the main asteroid belt, which is located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. It was discovered on April 9, 2011, and is classified as a member of the Apollo group of asteroids, which are characterized by having orbits that bring them close to Earth's orbit.
(472271) 2014 UM33 is an asteroid that belongs to the main belt of asteroids in our solar system. It was discovered in October 2014, and it is classified as a member of the "Jupiter trojans" due to its orbital characteristics. Asteroids like 2014 UM33 are of interest to scientists because they can provide insights into the early solar system's conditions and the formation of planetary bodies.