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African-American physicists are scientists of African descent who have made significant contributions to the field of physics. The term encompasses a diverse group of individuals who have worked in various areas of physics, including theoretical physics, experimental physics, astrophysics, condensed matter physics, and more. Many African-American physicists have played essential roles in advancing scientific knowledge despite facing systemic barriers and discrimination within the academic and professional fields.

American astrophysicists are scientists in the United States who study the physical properties and underlying processes of celestial objects and phenomena. Astrophysics is a branch of astronomy that applies the principles of physics and chemistry to understand stars, galaxies, black holes, the interstellar medium, cosmic microwave background radiation, and the universe as a whole. American astrophysicists work in various settings, including universities, government research institutions, and private organizations.

American biophysicists are scientists who study biological processes and systems using the principles and methods of physics. They focus on understanding the structure and function of biological molecules, cells, and tissues, often using techniques such as X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and computational modeling. Their work can encompass a wide range of topics, including protein folding, molecular dynamics, membrane dynamics, and the energetic aspects of biological processes.

American condensed matter physicists are researchers and scientists who specialize in the field of condensed matter physics, which is a branch of physics that deals with the study of condensed phases of matter, such as solids and liquids. This field encompasses a wide range of topics, including the properties of materials, phase transitions, crystallography, superconductivity, magnetism, and more.

American geophysicists are scientists who study the physical processes and properties of the Earth using principles of physics. They may focus on various aspects of the Earth, including its structure, dynamics, magnetic and gravitational fields, and seismic activities. Geophysicists use techniques and tools such as seismic data analysis, satellite measurements, and computer modeling to investigate the Earth's interior and surface processes, contributing to our understanding of natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic activity, and climate change.

American nuclear physicists are scientists in the United States who specialize in the field of nuclear physics, which is the study of atomic nuclei, nuclear reactions, and the fundamental particles and forces that govern the behavior of atomic nuclei. This field encompasses a variety of research areas including nuclear structure, nuclear decay, fusion and fission processes, and the interactions of nuclei with other particles. Nuclear physicists often work in academia, government laboratories, or private industry, conducting experiments to advance our understanding of nuclear processes.

American physical chemists are scientists in the United States who specialize in physical chemistry, a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of how matter behaves on a molecular and atomic level and the physical properties of chemical substances. They often focus on topics such as thermodynamics, kinetics, quantum chemistry, and the interactions between light and matter. The field intersects with other scientific disciplines, including physics, materials science, and biology, and involves the application of mathematical models and experimental techniques to understand and predict chemical behavior.

The term "American physicists by state" could refer to the distribution of physicists across different states in the United States. While there is no comprehensive public database that lists all physicists by state, we can generally infer that states with major research institutions, universities, and technological industries tend to have larger populations of physicists.

American plasma physicists are scientists in the United States who study plasma physics, which is the field of physics that deals with the study of plasma, one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and gas). Plasma is a hot, ionized gas that consists of charged particles, including ions and electrons, and it occurs naturally in stars, including the sun, as well as in lightning and fluorescent lights.

The term "American relativity theorists" generally refers to physicists and researchers in the United States who have contributed to the field of relativity, specifically the theories formulated by Albert Einstein: Special Relativity and General Relativity. These theories revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity, profoundly impacting modern physics.

"American women physicists" refers to the contributions and achievements of female physicists in the United States. Over the years, many women have made significant strides in the field of physics, contributing to research, education, and advancements in various subfields. Historically, women in physics have faced challenges such as gender bias, fewer opportunities, and underrepresentation in a male-dominated field. However, notable figures have emerged who have made profound impacts.

The Presidents of the American Physical Society (APS) are the elected leaders of the organization, which was founded in 1899. The APS is a professional body representing physicists in the United States and aims to promote the advancement and diffusion of the knowledge of physics. Each president typically serves a one-year term, during which they oversee the society's activities, initiatives, and meetings.

A. Welford Castleman Jr. is not widely recognized in public or historical records, at least as of my last update in October 2023. It's possible that he could be a lesser-known figure or someone from a specific field that is not broadly covered in major sources. If you have any specific context or details about who A. Welford Castleman Jr.

Aditi Mitra might refer to a person's name, but without additional context, it's hard to provide specific information about her. It could pertain to an individual in various fields such as academia, arts, business, or science.

Alan David White is not widely recognized as a public figure, and there may be multiple individuals with that name. Context is essential to clarify who you are referring to. For instance, if you are looking for information about a specific Alan David White associated with a profession (such as science, arts, or business), please provide additional details.

Albert Allen Bartlett was an American physicist and professor known for his work in the field of physics and education, particularly his contributions to understanding and teaching the concept of exponential growth. He is best recognized for his memorable lectures on the implications of exponential growth, which he often described in the context of issues such as population growth and resource consumption. Bartlett's most famous phrase is "The greatest shortcoming of the human race is our inability to understand the exponential function.

Albert Hibbs (or Hibbs) could refer to various contexts, but one of the most notable references is to Albert Hibbs, an American astronomer and astrophysicist known for his work in the field of astronomy. If you meant a specific person, concept, or context tied to the name "Albert Hibbs," could you please provide more details?

Albert Potter Wills does not appear to be a widely recognized figure in historical or contemporary contexts as of my last update in October 2023. It's possible that he could be a lesser-known individual or a local figure not significantly covered in public resources. If you have any specific context or details regarding Albert Potter Wills, such as his field of work (e.g.

Alexander Dallas Bache (1806–1867) was an American scientist and educator, best known for his contributions to the fields of oceanography and meteorology. He was a prominent figure in the establishment of scientific institutions in the United States and served as the second superintendent of the United States Coast Survey, a position he held from 1843 until his death in 1867. Bache was a member of the prominent Bache family, being the grandson of Benjamin Franklin.

As of my last update in October 2021, there isn't a widely recognized figure named Alexandru Marin. However, it's possible that Alexandru Marin could refer to a person or concept that has emerged or gained prominence after that date. If you have specific context or details about who or what Alexandru Marin is (e.g.