A "photon bubble" typically refers to a theoretical or conceptual construct in the field of physics, particularly in contexts involving light and electromagnetic radiation. While there isn't a broadly recognized scientific term "photon bubble," the concept can relate to various phenomena involving light.
Physical Review Fluids is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that focuses on research in the field of fluid dynamics. It is part of the Physical Review family of journals published by the American Physical Society (APS). The journal covers a wide range of topics related to fluids, including theoretical, computational, and experimental studies.
The Pickering scale is a system used to qualitatively assess the clarity of a liquid or a solution, particularly in the field of analytical chemistry and material science. It was developed by the American chemist William H. Pickering. The scale focuses on the evaluation of solutions, particularly those containing particles that may cause turbidity or cloudiness.
The term "Power number" can refer to different concepts depending on the context in which it is used. Here are a few interpretations: 1. **Power Number in Fluid Mechanics**: In fluid dynamics, the Power number (or Reynolds number) is a dimensionless number used to characterize the flow of fluids. It's calculated to understand the relationship between inertial forces and viscous forces in a fluid.
The Prandtl–Meyer function is a mathematical function used in the field of gas dynamics, particularly in the study of supersonic flow. It describes the relationship between the change in flow direction and the corresponding change in the Mach number of a compressible fluid as it turns around a corner or through a nozzle.
Preferential concentration refers to a phenomenon in fluid dynamics and particle dynamics, particularly in suspensions and aerosols, where particles are not uniformly distributed throughout a flow. Instead, they tend to cluster or align preferentially in certain regions of the flow field, often in areas of low vorticity or high shear. This clustering can occur due to a variety of factors, including the interplay between the particles' inertial effects and the flow field's characteristics.
Pressure-driven flow refers to the movement of fluid within a conduit or system due to a pressure difference. In other words, when there is a variation in pressure between two points in a fluid system, the fluid will flow from the area of higher pressure to the area of lower pressure. This concept is fundamental in fluid mechanics and plays a key role in many applications, including hydraulics, aerodynamics, and various engineering systems.
Reduced viscosity is a measure of the flow characteristics of a polymer solution or suspension. It is a dimensionless quantity that provides insight into the molecular weight and concentration of the polymer in the solution.
Rheoscopic fluid is a type of fluid that allows the visualization of flow patterns due to its unique properties. It contains small particles or additives that respond to shear forces, making the fluid's movement visible when subjected to mechanical stress or motion. As the fluid flows or is agitated, the particles within it align and create patterns that can reveal information about the flow dynamics.
The Riabouchinsky solid is a theoretical concept in the field of continuum mechanics, specifically in the study of plasticity and material behavior under pressure. It is named after the Russian scientist and engineer Alexander M. Riabouchinsky, who contributed to the development of the theory of plasticity in materials.
"Ruina montium" is a Latin term that translates to "the ruin of mountains." In a geological context, it refers to a phenomenon where the natural processes of erosion, weathering, or human activities lead to the degradation or collapse of mountainous landscapes. In a biological or ecological context, it could also refer to the impacts of such geological changes on local ecosystems, including alterations to habitats, species distribution, and environmental conditions.
Secondary circulation refers to the smaller, additional patterns of air movement that occur within the larger, primary circulation systems in the atmosphere. While primary circulation is driven by large-scale factors such as temperature gradients, Earth's rotation (Coriolis effect), and the general circulation of the atmosphere, secondary circulation often arises from more localized phenomena. Examples of secondary circulation include: 1. **Sea Breezes and Land Breezes**: These occur due to differential heating between land and water bodies.
Seeding in fluid dynamics refers to the introduction of small particles or droplets into a flow field to provide a means of tracking the movement of the fluid. This technique is commonly used in various experimental fluid dynamics applications, particularly in flow visualization and measurement techniques such as Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV).
A slosh baffle is a structural component used in tanks, containers, or vessels to control and mitigate the effects of liquid sloshing. Sloshing refers to the movement of liquid within a container, which can occur due to external forces (such as acceleration, deceleration, or vibrations) or internal factors (such as fluid motion). Slosh baffles are typically designed as panels or barriers that are installed inside the tank.
Slug flow is a type of flow regime commonly observed in two-phase flow systems, particularly when liquids and gases are involved, such as in pipelines and reactors. In slug flow, large blobs or slugs of one phase (usually liquid) move intermittently through the other phase (usually gas) in a pipeline. In this regime, the flow consists of alternating sections of gas and liquid, with the liquid often forming substantial, coherent slugs that can vary in size.
Special core analysis (SCA) refers to a set of laboratory techniques employed to evaluate the unique properties of reservoir rock samples, typically obtained from oil and gas wells. While conventional core analysis primarily focuses on basic properties such as porosity, permeability, and saturation, special core analysis delves deeper into more intricate characteristics that influence reservoir behavior and fluid flow.
Squire's theorem is a fundamental result in the field of fluid dynamics, particularly in the study of boundary layer theory. Named after the mathematician and engineer, it establishes a relationship between the stability of flow in a two-dimensional incompressible boundary layer and the stability of flow in the corresponding inviscid (non-viscous) flow.
Standard sea-level conditions, often referred to as standard atmospheric conditions or International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), are a set of idealized atmospheric conditions defined for the purpose of measurement and comparison. The conditions are typically specified at sea level and are assumed to be: - **Temperature:** 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit) - **Pressure:** 1013.25 hPa (hectopascals), or 1013.25 millibars, or 29.
Sweeping jet actuators are devices used in fluid dynamics and aerospace engineering to manipulate airflow over surfaces, particularly in applications such as active flow control for aircraft. These actuators function by ejecting jets of fluid (usually air) at specific angles and velocities to create a "sweeping" motion, which can influence the behavior of the airflow in surrounding areas. **Key Features and Functions:** 1.
The term "TEM-function" could have different meanings depending on the context in which it is used. Below are a couple of possible interpretations: 1. **TEM Function in Mathematics or Physics**: TEM might refer to "Transverse Electromagnetic Modes," which are solutions to the wave equation in a waveguide or cavity, where both the electric field and the magnetic field are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. In this context, TEM modes can describe how electromagnetic waves propagate in certain structures.