Bit Error Rate (BER) is a measure used in digital communications to quantify the number of bit errors that occur in a transmitted data stream compared to the total number of bits sent. It is defined as the ratio of the number of bit errors to the total number of bits transmitted over a specific period or in a specific timeframe.
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The bit error rate is the fraction, or probability, of transmitted or retained bits that differ between sender and receiver. In quantum key distribution, an unexpectedly high bit error rate reveals channel noise or possible eavesdropping.