Calcium is a chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20. In biology, calcium plays several critical roles: 1. **Structural Component**: Calcium is a major component of bones and teeth in vertebrates; it forms calcium phosphate, which provides strength and structure. 2. **Cell Signaling**: Calcium ions (Ca²⁺) act as important signaling molecules in various biological processes.
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Calcium has roles in cell signalling and skeletal structure. Dietary calcium intake and serum calcium are distinct quantities: physiological regulation means a change in one need not correspond to an equivalent change in the other.