A diatomic molecule is a molecule that consists of two atoms. These atoms can be of the same element or of different elements. Diatomic molecules can be found in various forms, including: 1. **Homodiatomic molecules**: These consist of two atoms of the same element. Examples include: - Oxygen (O₂) - Nitrogen (N₂) - Hydrogen (H₂) - Chlorine (Cl₂) 2.
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A diatomic molecule contains two chemical atoms; hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide are examples. Their fixed-separation moment of inertia is in the linear rigid rotor model.