Fay and Wu's H

Fay and Wu's H is a statistic used in population genetics to measure the level of heterozygosity—or genetic variation—in a set of genes or populations. It is particularly useful for assessing deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which assumes that allele and genotype frequencies in a population remain constant over generations in the absence of evolutionary influences. The H statistic can be employed to detect population structure and inbreeding.