Fine structure refers to the small splittings and details observed in the spectral lines of atoms due to the interaction of the electron spin with the orbital angular momentum of the electrons in an atom. This phenomenon arises from the following effects: 1. **Spin-Orbit Coupling**: In an atom, electrons have intrinsic angular momentum (spin) and also orbital angular momentum from their motion around the nucleus.
Articles by others on the same topic
This is a section about Fine structure!
For example, this sentence. And then another one.
This is a section about Fine structure!
For example, this sentence. And then another one.
Split in energy levels due to interaction between electron up or down spin and the electron orbitals.
Numerically explained by the Dirac equation when solving it for the hydrogen atom, and it is one of the main triumphs of the theory.