Gauginos are hypothetical particles in the field of theoretical physics, specifically within the context of supersymmetry (SUSY). Supersymmetry is a proposed extension of the Standard Model of particle physics that suggests every known particle has a corresponding "superpartner" with different spin characteristics. In this framework, gauginos are the superpartners of gauge bosons, which are force-carrying particles.
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A gaugino is the spin-one-half superpartner of a gauge boson and transforms in the adjoint representation of its gauge group. Gaugino loops modify gauge-coupling beta functions above the supersymmetry-breaking threshold.