Hydraulics concepts

Hydraulics is a branch of engineering and physics that focuses on the behavior of fluids, particularly liquids, in motion and at rest. The fundamental concepts of hydraulics arise from the principles of fluid mechanics and are widely applied in various fields, including civil engineering, mechanical engineering, and aerospace engineering. Here are some key concepts in hydraulics: 1. **Fluid Properties**: Understanding the properties of fluids, including viscosity, density, pressure, and temperature, is essential.

A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon in fluid dynamics that occurs when a high-velocity liquid flow transitions to a lower-velocity flow, resulting in a sudden change in water depth. This often happens in open channel flow systems, such as rivers or irrigation channels, where a fast-moving stream of fluid encounters an obstruction or change in elevation.