Isotopic shift refers to the change in the energy levels of atomic or molecular states that occurs due to the substitution of an atom in a molecule with one of its isotopes. This shift can be observed in various spectroscopic techniques, such as infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The isotopic effect arises because isotopes of the same element have different masses, which affects vibrational frequencies, rotational transitions, and other properties of molecules.
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