Mathematicians by former country

The study of mathematicians can be categorized by their countries of origin or the nations they were associated with during their careers. Here’s a brief overview of some notable mathematicians by former country: ### Ancient Greece - **Euclid**: Often referred to as the "father of geometry." - **Pythagoras**: Known for the Pythagorean theorem. - **Archimedes**: Made significant contributions to geometry, calculus, and the understanding of physical laws.

Mathematicians from al-Andalus refer to scholars and intellectuals who lived in the region of the Iberian Peninsula that was under Muslim rule from the 8th to the 15th centuries, a period known as al-Andalus. This era was marked by significant advancements in various fields, including mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy, heavily influenced by the synthesis of Islamic, Greek, and Hebrew knowledge.

The Abbasid Caliphate, which ruled from 750 to 1258 CE, was a significant period for the development of mathematics, as well as other sciences, in the Islamic Golden Age. During this time, several mathematicians made important contributions to various fields, including algebra, arithmetic, and geometry. Here are some notable mathematicians from the Abbasid Caliphate: 1. **Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780 – c.

The Fatimid Caliphate, which existed from 909 to 1171, was a significant Islamic empire that stretched across North Africa and the Mediterranean, known for its advancements in various fields, including mathematics, science, and philosophy. During this period, several mathematicians and scholars contributed to the mathematical sciences.

The Ottoman Empire, which lasted from approximately 1299 to 1922, was a vast and culturally diverse empire that spanned parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Throughout its history, the empire produced several notable mathematicians, particularly during the periods of its peak in the 16th century and during the Tanzimat era in the 19th century.

The Buyid dynasty, which ruled parts of Persia (modern-day Iran) and the surrounding regions from the 10th to the 11th centuries, coincided with a significant period of intellectual and cultural flourishing in the Islamic world. This era, often referred to as the Islamic Golden Age, saw advancements in a variety of fields, including mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy.