Percolation critical exponents describe how certain quantities behave near the percolation threshold, which is the critical point at which a system undergoes a phase transition from a non-percolating state (where clusters of connected nodes are finite) to a percolating state (where a connected cluster spans the entire system). These exponents characterize the scaling relationships of various properties of the system as it approaches the critical threshold.

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These critical exponents describe the leading singular powers of percolation probability, percolation susceptibility, correlation length and critical cluster distributions near the percolation critical probability. Their existence and exact values require theorems or scaling hypotheses for the particular model; they are not consequences of the definition of the threshold. For and , the definitions are above and below . The correlation length has . At criticality, the root-cluster tail is ; two-point connectivity has leading power ; and the expected number per site of size- clusters has leading power . The last distribution differs from the size-weighted distribution seen at a specified site. Relations such as and have specific scaling regimes, and the latter hyperscaling relation fails in ordinary mean-field regimes above the upper critical dimension of percolation.