Polarizability

Polarizability is a measure of how easily a charge distribution within a molecule or atom can be distorted by an external electric field. In simpler terms, it quantifies the extent to which the electron cloud around a nucleus can be distorted, resulting in the creation of a temporary dipole moment. This property is significant in various areas of chemistry and physics, particularly in understanding molecular interactions, such as van der Waals forces, dielectric properties, and the behavior of materials in electric fields.