Seabed gouging by ice refers to the process where moving ice, such as glacial or pack ice, interacts with the seafloor, leading to the erosion, displacement, and physical alteration of the seabed. This phenomenon typically occurs in polar regions or areas with significant ice cover. When large ice masses move, they can exert considerable pressure on the underlying sediment, leading to gouges, striations, or even depressions in the seafloor.
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A moving ice keel can gouge sediment when its draft exceeds water depth. In an exponential ridge-draft model, a point crossed by ice at relative speed experiences candidate encounters at rate . Actual erosion also depends on grounding, deformation of the keel and sediment strength.