Affine rescaling of a null geodesic tangent

ID: affine-rescaling-of-a-null-geodesic-tangent

A change rescales a geodesic tangent and all its linear Killing constants by . A null norm remains zero and cannot fix , unlike proper-time normalization of a material particle. Ratios of the constants, such as the photon impact parameter in Schwarzschild spacetime, are independent of the affine scale. A physically normalized four-momentum fixes the photon energy and hence selects a tangent scale.

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