Gauge-invariant Maxwell stress-energy tensor
ID: gauge-invariant-maxwell-stress-energy-tensor
In signature , the Maxwell Lagrangian yieldsIt is symmetric after raising its second index, gauge-invariant, and conserved on the source-free Maxwell equations. Its energy density is and its energy flux is the Poynting vector. Its difference from the canonical stress-energy tensor is an antisymmetric superpotential divergence plus an equation-of-motion term, so integrated charges coincide when the constraints and vanishing boundary terms are imposed.
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