Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-chemistry-course-of-the-year-4-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2022/paper-1/8/b/ii/solution
Past exam of the chemistry course of the year 4 of the natural sciences course of the University of Cambridge 2022 Paper 1 8 b ii Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-20
Write the alkyne as . The product places Al at and H at :A useful Lewis acid-assisted model begins with a side-on or bridged alkyne–Al interaction. As in the unsymmetrical bonding of aryl-bridged aluminium aggregates, the electrophilic Al center can interact with more than one carbon while a donating group biases the contact. The phosphine can additionally associate transiently with Al, organizing the alkyne near an Al–H bond. Transfer of hydride to the distal carbon while the proximal carbon retains Al gives the observed regiochemistry.
The drawing requires syn addition of H and Al. In the printed alkene, and Ph are opposite; consequently Al and the newly added H are on the same side. A cyclic hydroalumination transition state produces this relationship. Steric congestion subsequently inhibits a persistent PAl bond, leaving the two sites available as a frustrated Lewis pair. A long-lived free vinyl cation or an anti hydride attack is unnecessary, and would not naturally explain the stereochemistry.
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