Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-continuous-martingales-and-stochastic-calculus-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2023/1/b/i/solution

Let . The assumed orthonormality of the Haar wavelets gives
Enumerate the coefficients level by level as . They are independent and identically distributed standard normal random variables, so the squares have mean one. The strong law of large numbers implies
Consequently,
A convergent sequence in a Hilbert space must be bounded in norm. Hence this random Haar wavelet series diverges in almost surely.

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