Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-functional-analysis-ii-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2023/1/a/iii/solution
Past exam of the functional analysis II course of the University of Oxford 2023 1 a iii Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-25
By weakly convergent sequence is bounded, is finite. Choose any . Once have been chosen, put . Since is fixed, weak convergence to zero gives . Choose with . This gives the required one-sided inequality as well.
The useful estimate is for the squared norm. Indeed, , and the inner product expansion givesBy mathematical induction, . HenceThis proves norm convergence of the averages, the weak Banach–Saks theorem in a Hilbert space. The printed inequality omits the square on its left side. Our stronger estimate also proves that printed bound, since for , but the printed bound alone only bounds the averages and cannot imply their norm convergence to zero.
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