Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2005/iii/paper-34/4/a/solution

Write . For a radial function , the Laplacian is
Thus is a harmonic function off zero. Fix and stop Brownian motion when it reaches either sphere of radius or , at time . This exit time is finite: stopping the martingale at yields , and monotone convergence applies. By Itô's formula, is a bounded martingale. Optional stopping and dominated convergence therefore give
The events increase to as : a continuous path up to any finite hitting time is bounded. Since , , proving the Brownian hitting probability of a ball

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