Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2012/iii/paper-65/3/iv/solution

Put . The state is well defined for , with eigenvalues . The first state is pure and has zero Von Neumann entropy, so the exact difference is
This is the entropy of a binary diagonal qubit mixture. Its trace distance from the pure state is , not . An explicit elementary upper bound follows from :
At zero the limit is zero. For small , the sharp exact answer behaves as , displaying the logarithmic continuity of entropy near a pure state.

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