Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2015/ia/paper-3/1d/iii/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2015 ia Paper 3 1D iii Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-06
Let be a normal subgroup and let be the quotient group homomorphism. By the first part, for involutions , so the quotient group is generated by , whose squares are the identity. If both images are nonidentity, they are involutions and the second part applies. If only one image is nonidentity, it generates ; choose it twice. Both images cannot be trivial because the quotient group is nontrivial. Hence every nontrivial quotient is dihedral in the stated extended convention. This is the nontrivial-quotient closure of two-involution groups.
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